Prezydentura gen. Wojciecha Jaruzelskiego w świetle teorii i praktyki zarządzania władczymi kompetencjami ustrojowymi

Abstract

The institution-legal model of the chair of the President of PPR, designed within the Round
Table understanding, was characterised by a strong regime position and many competences,
among which an important part took a shape of prerogatives. An important role in shaping
the political profile of the one-man head of state was played by political decisions, in light of
which this organ was supposed to be given to a representative of a communist party and as
a consequence serve to control the transformations in a country, as well as keep the alliances
and international commitments. In the catalogue of fourteen ruling and independent
competences a special role has been played by the right to present the parliament with commissioning and decommissioning the leader of the Councils of Ministers, a right that has
been used by gen. Jaruzelski twice during his presidency. In the light of the factorial decisive
analysis, the personal choices of the president, made in the conditions of the increasing
political crisis, were dictated by trying to secure the interest of the government-coalition
camp, but with regard to the newly accepted rules of political rivalry. The president saw
a key role for his home party in the initiated process of political and economic changes, but
did not try to preserve the political monopoly of the communist party, and in consequence to
keep a part of the opposition from ruling. He was led by a need to achieve social support for
the reforms and aimed at realising it with the workflow created for the decisive situations,
the immanent part of which was splitting responsibility to other subjects and creating multipersonal
decisive centres.